Saturday, February 4, 2012

Real Estate Buying Tips That Can Work For You

Here are the kinds of data you need to acquire about the housing market in your Zip code. Give City-data.com a visit or any other sites like it so you can learn about the average housing prices, number of foreclosures and other relevant market conditions within a 15 mile radius. In addition to researching the local housing market, you should learn about employment conditions in your potential new neighborhood. Very rarely can an extremely nice property outweigh an the impact of an area that has been hit hard by the economy, so be careful.

It is important to clarify with the landlord before signing the lease, who is responsible for the upkeep of any garden on the property. Although these costs are normally covered by the landlord, you need to know for sure. Other rentals include this service in the rent every month.

When you?re looking to buy real estate, consider doing remodel or repair work. Your property?s value will increase quickly if you do this. In some cases, the increase in property value is greater than the amount of money that you invested into the work.

Closely track pre-foreclosure properties. If you aren?t in any hurry to buy an investment property, then choosing a pre-foreclosure property could be a smart investment. A pre-foreclosure property is one whose owner is delinquent in his or her payments and risking the loss of the house. You can advertise your own willingness to purchases houses with cash, or consult lenders to get lists of properties approaching pre-foreclosure. No matter which method you utilize, speak with that current owner to see what they owe, then offer them a few thousand more on that amount. This will be a great bargain for you, since most do not owe the house?s full market value.

If you have made an offer on a home that the seller did not accept, do not lose all hope that they will not find a way to make it more affordable for you to make the purchase. They may cover closing costs, or offer to make a few repairs before you move.

Use this advice to begin your education in real estate. Make sure to incorporate these tips into your search so you can avoid some of the pitfalls that can plague a new home buyer. Good luck in your search and enjoy your new home.

Thanks for visiting this website dedicated to Louisville Ky real estate and reading our posts and browsing all of the available properties in this neighborhood. For a bigger collection of blog posts as well as weekly reviews of community real estate trends, please feel free to stop by our Highlands real estate blog or for a more specific real estate search, please visit http://livinginstmatthews.com/

Source: http://louisvillekyrealestateblog.com/?p=187

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Top Tips To Cat-fishing In Ponds | Articles Tunnel

Cat fishing is a popular pass time and a great source of supper too.

People of all walks of life relish this thrilling and entertaining hobby and it is indeed made ever more popular by tails of the one that got away!

When cat fishing, you will encounter three different kinds of catfish in most ponds. You will find the blue, channel and flat-head varieties, so if you were just hoping for the easiest catfish to catch, then go, seek out and hunt the channel.

They are amongst the smallest in relation to the other cats, and their hunting traits will lure them to your line with very little effort on your behalf.

These Channel catfish can also breed well in most catch-and-release situations, so your local reservoir will no doubt have them and will be a great starting point for you.

However, if you are looking to hook the real big fish, the blue and flat-head catfish are the real catches.

Out of the flat-head and blue catfish, the blue always proves harder to hook.

Unlike the flat-head and channel, the blue catfish is very picky about what it eats, thus it is less active and when it is hungry it will only eat what it wants and sometimes not what is on your line.

Useful Tricks to Catch the Cats

Fishermen use many approaches whilst cat-fishing in ponds.

There are no set out rules, so I shall just give you the simplest ones, which can be applied to every cat-fishing adventure.

Keep away from too much Noise

This hint not only pertains to cat-fishing but also to all outside fishing pursuits. If you make too much noise, you will come away disappointed

Therefore, the biggest rule of all ? don?t make any noise.

Just because the Catfish are underwater, their smelling and hearing senses are top-notch, built to evade any possible danger.

Stick to the Shoreline

To minimize any needless disturbance, stay on the shore. Cast your line as far as it can get making sure the your Bait gets as far out as possible.

Nearly all Cats are pond base animals, hiding at the bottom of the water, be it in a river, pond or lake.

Ask for advice and expert Cat-fishers would always suggest you cast your line as far as you can, and ensure that the hook reaches the deepest portion where you?ll find your prize.

If the prime spot is near a bridge or other structure, the likelihood is you will discover your goal there.

Aquatic vegetation Diet

If you are Angling for catfish in the daylight, the places the cats love best are the regions with underwater plants or vegetation.

However, remember that catfish are usually night creatures, so it will remain hidden from fisherman during the majority of the daytime while making it a lot harder to catch.

The undergrowth offer it the perfect shelter from enemies, as well as from your fishing line.

Use alternative regimes

Alternative reservoirs require a certain amount of trial and error.

In conclusion, cat-fishing in ponds is contrary from rivers.

To land the monsters, you will need to experiment, or even better, learn through advice on how to do it. Always make sure to use the best cat-fishing rigs, too.

Looking to find the best advice on Catfishing In Ponds, then visit http://www.catfishinginpondstips.com/ to find the best advice on Catfishing Tips for you.

Source: http://articlestunnel.com/recreation-sports/fishing/top-tips-to-cat-fishing-in-ponds

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Friday, February 3, 2012

Heart failure linked to thinner bones and fractures

Heart failure linked to thinner bones and fractures [ Back to EurekAlert! ] Public release date: 2-Feb-2012
[ | E-mail | Share Share ]

Contact: Aaron Lohr
alohr@endo-society.org
240-482-1380
The Endocrine Society

New study shows aggressive screening for osteoporosis may be important for heart failure patients

Chevy Chase, MD -- Heart failure is associated with a 30 percent increase in major fractures and also identifies a high-risk population that may benefit from increased screening and treatment for osteoporosis, according to a recent study accepted for publication in The Endocrine Society's Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism (JCEM).

Osteoporosis and heart failure are common, chronic and costly conditions that share common etiologic factors like older age, post-menopausal status and diabetes. Previous studies have suggested that heart failure may predispose a patient to fractures not only because it increases incidence of falling, but because both heart failure itself and its medical treatments can lead to loss of bone mass.

"Our study demonstrates for the first time that heart failure and thinning of bones go hand in hand," said Sumit Majumdar, MD, of the University of Alberta in Edmonton, Canada, and lead author of the study. "Understanding the mechanism between heart failure and osteoporosis might lead to new treatments for both conditions."

In this study, researchers conducted a population cohort study consisting of 45,509 adults undergoing bone mineral density testing for the first time and followed them for up to ten years. Of the 45,509 adults included in the study, 1,841 had recent-onset heart failure. After adjusting for traditional osteoporosis risk factors, researchers found that heart failure was associated with a 30 percent increase in major fractures.

"Part of screening for osteoporosis should involve looking at chest x-rays of patients with heart failure," said Majumdar. "Heart failure patients get a lot of x-rays and they often incidentally show many fractures of the spine that would automatically provide an indication of severe osteoporosis and need for treatment."

###

Other researchers working on the study include: Justin Ezekowitz of the University of Alberta; Lisa Lix of the University of Saskatchewan in Saskatoon, Canada; and William Leslie of the University of Manitoba in Winnipeg, Canada.

The article, "Heart Failure is a Clinically and Densitometrically Independent Risk Factor for Osteoporotic Fractures," appears in the April 2012 issue of JCEM.

Founded in 1916, The Endocrine Society is the world's oldest, largest and most active organization devoted to research on hormones and the clinical practice of endocrinology. Today, The Endocrine Society's membership consists of over 15,000 scientists, physicians, educators, nurses and students in more than 100 countries. Society members represent all basic, applied and clinical interests in endocrinology. The Endocrine Society is based in Chevy Chase, Maryland. To learn more about the Society and the field of endocrinology, visit our site at https://www.endo-society.org. Follow us on Twitter at https://twitter.com/#!/EndoMedia.



[ Back to EurekAlert! ] [ | E-mail | Share Share ]

?


AAAS and EurekAlert! are not responsible for the accuracy of news releases posted to EurekAlert! by contributing institutions or for the use of any information through the EurekAlert! system.


Heart failure linked to thinner bones and fractures [ Back to EurekAlert! ] Public release date: 2-Feb-2012
[ | E-mail | Share Share ]

Contact: Aaron Lohr
alohr@endo-society.org
240-482-1380
The Endocrine Society

New study shows aggressive screening for osteoporosis may be important for heart failure patients

Chevy Chase, MD -- Heart failure is associated with a 30 percent increase in major fractures and also identifies a high-risk population that may benefit from increased screening and treatment for osteoporosis, according to a recent study accepted for publication in The Endocrine Society's Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism (JCEM).

Osteoporosis and heart failure are common, chronic and costly conditions that share common etiologic factors like older age, post-menopausal status and diabetes. Previous studies have suggested that heart failure may predispose a patient to fractures not only because it increases incidence of falling, but because both heart failure itself and its medical treatments can lead to loss of bone mass.

"Our study demonstrates for the first time that heart failure and thinning of bones go hand in hand," said Sumit Majumdar, MD, of the University of Alberta in Edmonton, Canada, and lead author of the study. "Understanding the mechanism between heart failure and osteoporosis might lead to new treatments for both conditions."

In this study, researchers conducted a population cohort study consisting of 45,509 adults undergoing bone mineral density testing for the first time and followed them for up to ten years. Of the 45,509 adults included in the study, 1,841 had recent-onset heart failure. After adjusting for traditional osteoporosis risk factors, researchers found that heart failure was associated with a 30 percent increase in major fractures.

"Part of screening for osteoporosis should involve looking at chest x-rays of patients with heart failure," said Majumdar. "Heart failure patients get a lot of x-rays and they often incidentally show many fractures of the spine that would automatically provide an indication of severe osteoporosis and need for treatment."

###

Other researchers working on the study include: Justin Ezekowitz of the University of Alberta; Lisa Lix of the University of Saskatchewan in Saskatoon, Canada; and William Leslie of the University of Manitoba in Winnipeg, Canada.

The article, "Heart Failure is a Clinically and Densitometrically Independent Risk Factor for Osteoporotic Fractures," appears in the April 2012 issue of JCEM.

Founded in 1916, The Endocrine Society is the world's oldest, largest and most active organization devoted to research on hormones and the clinical practice of endocrinology. Today, The Endocrine Society's membership consists of over 15,000 scientists, physicians, educators, nurses and students in more than 100 countries. Society members represent all basic, applied and clinical interests in endocrinology. The Endocrine Society is based in Chevy Chase, Maryland. To learn more about the Society and the field of endocrinology, visit our site at https://www.endo-society.org. Follow us on Twitter at https://twitter.com/#!/EndoMedia.



[ Back to EurekAlert! ] [ | E-mail | Share Share ]

?


AAAS and EurekAlert! are not responsible for the accuracy of news releases posted to EurekAlert! by contributing institutions or for the use of any information through the EurekAlert! system.


Source: http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2012-02/tes-hfl013112.php

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Katy Texas Lifestyles & Homes Magazine ? French Country Home ...

This blended family makes it work

The de Jong home offers a true representation of a family who is dedicated to hard work, high standards and notable achievement. The 8,400-square-foot residence houses Brent and Mariella de Jong and their blended family?his two daughters, Madeline and Grace; her daughter, Gabriella Mahan, and her son, Brandon Mahan; and their daughter, Keira. Obviously, they need a big house and a lot of balance to make their busy lives work. The beauty of the French country home comes in the form of the aesthetic of the place and the aura permeating its walls.

The spirit of the home is unmistakable. These are folks who work hard in order to enjoy fulfilling and interesting lives. There is evidence everywhere: global art, significant souvenirs and fascinating furniture attest to the travel and cultural diversity this family affords. The art is simply amazing.

Every room downstairs features attention-grabbing work collected from the exotic destinations this family?s lifestyle allows them to visit?whether for business or pleasure. From the Dutch seal prominently centered on the huge antique Indonesian shutter in the formal living room?his family is Dutch?to the Peruvian art tiles and the Aymara Indian portrait by a friend of the family?she is Peruvian?in the study, or the red Chinese vases in the master suite that were collected during business trips?both of them work in energy infrastructure in the Emerging Markets?the details of the home easily speak a museum-like quality. Even the rugs are remarkable. The floor in each room is covered with an exquisite piece of textural, fabric art.

The size of the home speaks to the balance required to manage the number of people who inhabit the dwelling. Due to the merging of the two families, there are seven.

Mariella says, ?It was very important to us when we got married and began looking at homes that everyone would feel equal?ownership, belongings, space and activities are most definitely equally divided in this home.?

Each child has their own bedroom, private bathroom and walk-in closet. The size of each is ample and uniform. Brent adds, ?There is an over-riding feeling of mutual respect between all of us, and our private and shared spaces underscore that respect.?

Aesthetically speaking, the home?s exterior is beautifully balanced. A stunning, stucco fa?ade is softened by textured paint, the curving driveway, a wrought-iron gate and elegant landscaping.

Just inside the foyer and front room are two hand-painted French 18th century chandeliers with flickering light that offers the perfect ambiance for welcoming guests. Then, the stairs with their wonderfully wrought-iron rails pour at once, fluidly and splendidly, from the second floor, landing gracefully amid an equally fluid front room. In fact, nowhere in this house will you find sharp corners. Soft corners, soft colors and soft touches rampantly refine the space.

Throughout the abode, spacious and comfy family rooms provide more than enough area for family and friends to gather. The most obvious place, the kitchen, is large and welcoming. The sleek, blond finish of the cabinets, the creamy shine of the travertine floor and the glossy Viking appliances are a few of the reasons why this room (along with the wine grotto) is Brent?s favorite room. ?I love to cook for all of us.?

Mariella admits, ?He has a passion for cooking, and when Brent cooks, we always get the best ingredients and the best recipes. Everyone admires his culinary skills.?

An expansive French country table with a long bench on one side defines the breakfast room. ?The kids love the bench,? says Mariella. Proportionately overlooking the table is an antique European hotel dish rack where ancient plates are situated between the slats. Even Keira?s wooden high chair matches the other furniture in era. The flow of the room remains uninterrupted down to the last detail, and because of the weathered finishes on the furniture, none of the rustic charm of a French country kitchen is lost.

The formal living features the home?s most prized rug?a Persian, rare due to its peach color. The large contemporary furniture is inviting and the smaller random antique pieces make for interesting conversation. Two antique Indian boat masts suspended from the walls on either side of the fireplace are just one example of the note-worthy details. More details include the wooden folding chairs and Indonesian antiques.

A couple of sentimental details, accentuating the heart of the home, are the beautiful wedding and pregnancy albums featured prominently in their own special nooks.

?The formal dining room was the last room we finished because we couldn?t agree on the chandelier. At the dealer?s shop, we had narrowed down our choice to one style?a 17th century French chandelier, but I was insisting on the larger version,? Brent confides.

Grinning, Mariella admits, ?He won that argument. Once we situated all of the furniture, art and accessories, the smaller chandelier would?ve been lost in the golden, domed ceiling among all the big furniture.? He?s right. Behind the enormous Indian dining table and custom handmade chairs hangs a colossal headboard from an Indonesian wedding bed with a distressed mirror insert. Beneath it is another extraordinary rug?this one Turkish and unusual due to its predominantly green hue.

The media room sports multiple over-sized, over-stuffed recliners and is equipped with theatre-quality video and audio, as well as a concession area (which even features an authentic, old-fashioned popcorn machine). The family room downstairs and the upstairs den both offer comfortable, generous furniture and proportionate flat-screens where a couple of different groups of teens might gather well within their parents? jurisdiction.

The only bedroom downstairs is the master, and its style remains refined and perhaps more serene than the other rooms. The tranquility is punctuated by the floor to ceiling windows overlooking the backyard pool area. The outdoor setting with its magnificent landscaping is picture perfect to match the art, furniture and bedding in the room. ?

A handmade, delicately hand-painted coverlet complements the 18th century Indian bed. A huge Spanish mirror carved from one piece of wood hangs superbly on one wall adjacent to an antique Chinese armoire, equivalent to the mirror in its majesty.

?We love our bedroom,? confesses Mariella. ?Like most married couples with children, we view our private space as a sanctuary, so when we were planning it together, we selected things that would enhance that concept.?

The kids? rooms echo that idea. Their rooms are personalized spaces, each with a mural and accessories that reflect the child?s interests. Whether it be horses, dolls, fashion, elaborate Lego architecture or bunny rabbits and fairies, each child in this family can feel? at home in their private space.

Brent asserts, ?A lot of the success of any blended family comes from time spent together, but each of our kids also knows that they have their own retreat within the bigger picture where they can express themselves individually.?

One place where they all come together is in the study. Much of the work Brent and Mariella do in their businesses is accomplished here, and the kids love to work alongside their parents doing homework or art. The gigantic desk in the study was originally an Italian dining table and was delivered to the house to be considered as the de Jong?s formal dining table. It is most definitely long enough; however, they decided that their dining table needed to be much wider, so they returned it.

?We could not get the beauty of the piece out of our heads,? Mariella says, ?so it eventually dawned on us that it would make a great two-sided desk.? Brent?s desk chair is another stunning European antique, this one from Germany.

Behind the desk is a built-in wall of bookshelves where books and photographs of friends and family are artfully displayed. The other wall displays another reflection of this family?s heart. There, beneath the Ugalde portrait, sits the framed eulogy that Mariella wrote for her father, alongside the wedding bouquets that she and Gabriella, her daughter, carried when she and Brent got married. Both are in their own delicate glass box, preserved forever as a memento of the union of the families, which may very well be why this is Mariella?s favorite room in the house.

The balance and beauty the de Jong?s have achieved in their lives is reflected in their residence, and their family blend inspires everyone who knows them. Evidence exudes from the architecture, the aesthetic and the aura of this magnificent home and will no doubt continue to unify and ground this amazing couple and their children.

?

TEXT BY CHERYL ALEXANDER ? PHOTOS BY J PAMELA PHOTOGRAPHY
INTERIORS BY TAYLOR AND TAYLOR DESIGNS

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Top image:?The formal living room, which opens fluidly to the outdoor entertaining space, offers this family more than ample room to gather comfortably with friends. Remarkable details like the antique Indian boat masts, which seem to float from the walls, the wooden folding chairs or the Indonesian shutter panel with the authentic Dutch seal in the middle can be found throughout the home. The rug is the de Jong?s most prized?a Persian, peach in hue. Furnishings from Noel.

?

The home?s foyer welcomes guests with arches and neutral colors.

Period pieces authenticated by the accessories atop them add to the rustic beauty of the French country home.

The breakfast room is defined by the colossal French country table with its extra long bench, which easily accommodates this extra large family. The antique European dish rack overlooking the space houses the couple?s collection of very old English plates.

Amazing art and fabulous furniture from around the globe are mainstays in the de Jong home. The artist featured here is a family friend.

The study is home to even more beautiful art; this one, an Aymara Indian portrait, was painted from a hand-drawn sketch by Gaston Ugalde, a friend of the family.

The formal dining room, used primarily for holidays and family gatherings, features modern abstract art juxtaposed with antiques like the carved goose centerpiece. Beneath are Peruvian handmade silk linens, which dress the table elegantly.

Each child?s room in this home is personalized by a hand-painted mural reflecting the interests of the child. In this case, the baby?s room features lots of bunny rabbits, fairies and a plethora of stuffed animals.

THESE PAGES: Mariella is especially proud of their baby?s room, which she decorated herself. The wonderful wrought-iron chandelier complements beautifully the baby bed and crib. Another remarkable rug softens the hardwood floor and handpainted murals line the walls of this and all of the children's rooms.

The huge wall of windows in the master bedroom provides a serene scene of the picturesque backyard. The oversized bedframe is 18th century Indian and is topped with exquisite handmade, hand-painted bedding.

The outdoor kitchen and dining area flows easily from both the family room and formal living room, making entertaining large groups a breeze. Another long wooden table, the wooden ceiling and fans along with the beautiful arches underscore the rustic charm of the home.

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Source: http://www.katylifestylesandhomes.com/?p=7255

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Thursday, February 2, 2012

Egypt market plunges after deadly soccer riots (AP)

CAIRO ? Egypt's benchmark stock index fell plunged within minutes of the start of trade Thursday as deadly soccer riots the night before left 74 dead and rekindled fears of fresh instability akin to the unrest that has battered the country and its economy in the year since the ouster of Hosni Mubarak.

The benchmark EGX30 index shot down 4.58 percent to 4,473 points by 10:45 am local time before paring losses. By 12:30 p.m., the index was down 2.5 percent, at 4,570 points.

The declines halted a rally in the market over the past week that had been fueled by newfound optimism after the peaceful passing of the one year anniversary of the Jan. 25 uprising that pushed Mubarak from power. Investors had also found cause to cheer in the convening of the country's first post-Mubarak parliament ? a legislature that was seated after Egypt's freest elections in decades.

But the riots by football fans late Wednesday in the Mediterranean city of Port Said reignited simmering criticism of the country's military rulers, with witnesses saying the police stood idly by while the violence broke out after the match. Parliament convened an emergency session ? a move also mirrored by the Cabinet.

"There are a lot of fears, a lot of concerns, a lot of potential clashes," said Mustafa Abdel-Aziz, senior broker with Mideast investment bank Beltone Financial's brokerage division. "But we're seeing the market react much better than it should" given the night's violence.

Abdel-Aziz said that the early sell-off triggered buying interest, with investors stepping in to snap up deals.

In a market that ended 2011 over 45 percent below its level at the end of 2010, the recent gains have offered a measure of optimism as the country pushes ahead with a rocky transition to democracy that has been defined by continued protests and a growing mistrust of a military that had been hailed at the start of the uprising as heroes.

The violence in Port Said, however, reflected how fragile the gains could be at a time when Egypt's economy is reeling from the overall effect of the uprising. The protests and associated violence have hammered the country's chief foreign currency sources ? foreign investment and tourism.

Meanwhile, Egypt's net international reserves were down 50 percent year-on-year by the end of December, leaving wide open questions about how the country will raise new cash to bridge a widening deficit and worries over the balance of payments. It is now discussing with the International Monetary Fund a $3.2 billion loan.

The Finance Ministry on Wednesday said it would secure $1.1 billion in aid from the European Union and the World Bank. While Egyptian media have reported the loans as a done deal, an EU financial official in Cairo told The Associated Press that the EU portion of the aid was predicated on Egypt securing the IMF loan.

For investors, the macroeconomic concerns appear to have been factored into their investment strategy, said brokers.

But what's "not quantifiable is the extended tension between the police, the protesters and the army," said Abdel-Aziz. "Definitely, if there's an extended tension in this relationship, you could see another wave of selling."

Source: http://us.rd.yahoo.com/dailynews/rss/stocks/*http%3A//news.yahoo.com/s/ap/20120202/ap_on_bi_ge/ml_egypt_economy

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Kansas Immigration Law: Kansas's Business Owners Ask ...

TOPEKA, Kan. -- An architect of state and local laws cracking down on illegal immigration is a leading Republican officeholder in Kansas, but business groups in his home state are asking legislators to move in the opposite direction by starting an unusual program designed to give undocumented immigrants hard-to-fill jobs.

Kansas Secretary of State Kris Kobach, a former law professor who helped draft tough laws against illegal immigration in Alabama and Arizona, criticized the new Kansas proposal Tuesday as "amnesty" for people who've come to the U.S. illegally. A spokeswoman said Gov. Sam Brownback, a fellow Republican, isn't supporting the measure.

But Brownback's agriculture secretary has acknowledged having several conversations with federal homeland security officials about potential labor shortages. The coalition pushing the new program includes agriculture groups with memberships that traditionally lean toward the GOP, as well as the Kansas Chamber of Commerce, another stalwart supporter of conservative Republicans.

Utah has a guest worker program, but it isn't set to start until January 2013, and its enactment was part of a legislative package that included initiatives in line with Kobach's thinking on immigration. States with large populations of undocumented immigrants - including California, Florida and Texas - don't have their own programs.

The Kansas proposal was described as "unprecedented" by Wendy Sefsaf, spokeswoman for the Washington-based Immigration Policy Council. She said she is skeptical that the federal government would allow such a program, though she's sympathetic toward its goals.

"Maybe it's a good thing to have a counterbalance to Kris Kobach," she said.

The new proposal complicates the debate over immigration in Kansas where, ironically, Kobach and his allies in the GOP-controlled Legislature haven't been able to pass the same tough measures enacted in other states. It also could split Republican majorities enough that nothing of either stripe passes in an election year.

Kobach said he doesn't see the business groups' proposals as a poke at him but rather as confirmation that some employers want to keep hiring undocumented immigrants to suppress wages. He also said they're out of touch with legislators and Kansas voters.

"Their bill is a legal impossibility and a political fantasy," he said. "I don't take it personally at all."

The new program proposed by the groups would create a pool of immigrant workers that businesses could tap after the state certifies a labor shortage in their industries. The state would support requests from individual workers for the federal government to authorize them to continue working in the U.S., despite not being able to document that they are in the country legally.

Representatives of the groups pushing the plan provided a draft of legislation to The Associated Press ahead of its formal introduction in the House and Senate. The program would apply to undocumented immigrants in the U.S. at least five years, if they've committed no felonies and not more than one misdemeanor, and if they agree to work at becoming proficient in English. Businesses hiring the immigrants would have to follow federal labor laws.

The Washington-based Pew Hispanic Center estimates that Kansas had 45,000 undocumented immigrant workers in 2010, accounting for about 3 percent of its workforce. State officials and supporters of the business groups' plan don't yet have hard numbers on how many jobs are in danger of going unfilled, but unemployment rates in the western half of the state were mostly less than 4 percent in December, well below the statewide figure of 5.9 percent.

Backers of the proposal believe their new program would be helpful to commercial dairies and feedlots in western Kansas, as well as landscaping, roofing and some construction businesses.

"The key is, these are people that are in Kansas," said Allie Devine, a Topeka attorney and former state agriculture secretary who lobbies for business owners on immigration policy. "We're asking to keep those people here, let them remain and let them work."

Utah legislators created their state's guest-worker program last year, and Georgia legislators directed their state to study the idea. There were two unsuccessful proposals last year in Texas, and lawmakers are pursuing the idea in California, New Mexico and Oklahoma.

Sefsaf predicted the federal government will block such efforts, just as it has tried to block laws like Alabama's and Arizona's, as encroaching on its power to set national immigration policy. Kobach agreed.

Meanwhile, some signals from Brownback's administration on immigration issues have been mixed - perhaps reflecting the split among key groups of supporters.

A new policy imposed Oct. 1 by the state Department of Social and Rehabilitation Services reduced or denied food stamps benefits to hundreds of U.S.-born children of undocumented immigrants.

But last week, state Agriculture Secretary Dale Rodman publicly discussed the possibility of getting a waiver from the U.S. Department of Homeland Security to allow agriculture businesses to hire undocumented immigrants in jobs they're having trouble filling.

Department of Agriculture spokeswoman Chelsea Good said Tuesday that while Rodman has spoken several times with federal officials about labor problems in agriculture, the agency hasn't submitted a formal waiver request. The coalition's representatives said their proposal would make a waiver unnecessary.

Brownback spokeswoman Sherriene Jones-Sontag said the business groups' plan is not on the governor's legislative agenda, but it's still expected to get a hearing from legislators - alongside proposals pursued by Kobach's allies.

____

Related on HuffPost:

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Source: http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2012/02/01/kansas-immigration-law-ka_n_1246527.html

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Wednesday, February 1, 2012

Genetic information migrates from plant to plant

ScienceDaily (Feb. 1, 2012) ? To generate phylogenetic trees and investigate relationships between organisms, scientists usually look for similarities and differences in the DNA. Plant scientists were confounded by the fact that the DNA extracted from the plants' green chloroplasts sometimes showed the greatest similarities when related species grew in the same area. They tried to explain the phenomenon with the assumption that every once in a while those normally sexually incompatible species crossed and produced offspring with a new combination of nuclear and chloroplast genomes.

They coined the term "chloroplast capture" to illustrate what they thought was happening. Now, scientists around Ralph Bock from the Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology in Potsdam discovered that a transfer of entire chloroplasts, or at least their genomes, can occur in contact zones between plants. Inter-species crossing is not necessary. The new chloroplast genome can even be handed down to the next generation and, thereby, give a plant with new traits. These findings are of great importance to the understanding of evolution as well as the breeding of new plant varieties.

Many wooden plants, especially fruit and rose trees, are deliberately damaged by gardeners. They chop off branches or cut dents into the bark in order to put parts of another plant into the slots. The plant whose roots touch the soil is called stock, whereas scion is the technical term for the branch that is put onto it. The reason behind the gardener's atrocities is to reproduce varieties with an especially high yield without the Mendelian Laws messing with their business. According to Mendel, only parts of the progeny show the same traits as their parents. The rest of the offspring will most likely be less valuable. By putting one branch of a successful apple variety onto a new stock, the desired apple tree is easily cloned. But graft junctions do not always have to be human-made. Plants that simply grow in close vicinity to each other can fuse.

In those above mentioned contact zones, so called horizontal gene transfers (HGT), the transfer of genes without sexual reproduction, can occur. For a long time, scientists believed that HGT was restricted to prokaryotes, organisms without nuclei. It was universally accepted that, for example, bacteria can exchange genes that are crucial to their survival, like the ones that transmit a resistance to antibiotics. Nowadays it is increasingly appreciated that HGT is in fact not restricted to prokaryotes. It can be observed at the contact zone between different animal tissues after an organ transplantation or -- as shown here -- between two fusing plants. In 2009, Ralph Bock and Sandra Stegemann discovered that genetic information stored in the green chloroplasts can be transferred to another plant by means of horizontal gene transfer. Their results were, at that time, restricted to the transfer of genes between plants of the same species.

"The results from the DNA analyses were especially interesting," says Sandra Stegemann, first author of the paper. "We found a completely identical version of the chloroplast genome from N. tabacum in the two other species." When mitochondria, another cell organelle with an individual genome, are transferred across species barriers, the result is often a mixture of the donor and recipient DNA. "The new chloroplasts had kept their entire genetic information and fully ousted the old ones. They were even inherited by the next generation," Stegemann further explains.

Now scientists are trying to find the answer to the question of how exactly the chloroplasts leave their homes and find a new place to live. Do they migrate through the plasmodesmata, the narrow tunnels that connect neighboring plant cells? Or do enzymes locally remove the cell wall and allow small amounts of cytoplasm and cell organelles to pass from one cell to another? "As of now, we do not know how chloroplasts manage to get from one cell to the other," says group leader Ralph Bock. "But the decisive point is that it happens and the discovery of this process offers a new explanation for important evolutionary processes and opens up new possibilities for plant breeders." After all, the chloroplast DNA vitally contributes to the fitness of a plant and can provide crucial advantages.

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The above story is reprinted from materials provided by Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, via AlphaGalileo.

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Journal Reference:

  1. S. Stegemann, M. Keuthe, S. Greiner, R. Bock. Horizontal transfer of chloroplast genomes between plant species. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 2012; DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1114076109

Note: If no author is given, the source is cited instead.

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Source: http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/02/120201093100.htm

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